History 4000

History 4000 Papers

Earlier 4000 Papers

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History 2285

Aaron Gantt

HIST 4000-A01

2 July, 2008

Annotated Bibliography

 

Bird, Kai, and Martin Sherwin. American Prometheus: The Triumph and Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2005.

 

Bird and Shewin present a detailed and in depth look into the life of the man who is often regarded as the father of the atomic bomb.  Many biographies of Oppenheimer focus primarily on his work on the Manhattan Project, where as American Prometheus looks past his years as the scientific head of Los Alamos.  American Prometheus also present a very informative look at the relationship between Oppenheimer and General Groves.  The book describes their relationship, their differing personalities, how they interacted, and how they got the job done.

 

Conant, Jennet. 109 East Palace: Robert Oppenheimer and the Secret City of Los Alamos. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2005.

 

Conant, the granddaughter of James B. Conant, tells the personal stories of the men and women who lived and worked at Los Alamos during the Manhattan Project.  The book is told from the perspective of Dorothy McKibben, often regarded as the “gatekeeper” of Los Alamos.  Conant provides detailed descriptions of the relationship between Oppenheimer and Groves as well.  The book provides a wealth of information on how Oppenheimer was chosen to head the Los Alamos laboratories, as well as a personal look at both Oppenheimer and Groves and what kind of people these two men were.

 

Groueff, Stephane. Manhattan Project: The Untold Story of the Making of the Atomic Bomb. Nebraska: iUniverse.com, Inc., 2000.

 

Groueff’s book is a personal story of the men who built the atomic bomb when all that mattered was beating Germany to the weapon and ending World War II.  It chronicles the Manhattan Project for a non-technical point of view as to provide a more relatable and historical record of the monumental event.  It also examines the involvement that Oppenheimer had in the Los Alamos Laboratory as well as the idea of whether or not to militarize the lab; a decision that was ultimately left up to General Groves.

 

Groves, Leslie R. Now It Can Be Told: The story of the Manhattan Project. New York: Harper, 1062.

 

This book present’s General Groves’s own personal story of the Manhattan Project told from his perspective.  It looks at the many aspects of the building of the bomb, including the commissioning of Oppenheimer and the first tests of the atomic bomb.  In the book, Groves also reminisces his decision to bring Oppenheimer on board for the project.  He also recalls the character of Oppenheimer and the difficulties he was facing being the only scientist under consideration for the project who had not won a Nobel Prize.

 

Hawkins, David, Edith C. Truslow, and Ralph Carlisle Smith. Project Y: The Los Alamos Story. Part I: Toward Trinity. Part II: Beyond Trinity. (The History of Modern Physics, 1800 – 1950: Volume II). Los Angeles: Tomash Publishers, 1983.

 

The authors of this particular work provide a strictly scientific approach to the subject of the Manhattan Project.  This unfortunately leaves the reader having to deal with a lot of textbook-like jargon that can confuse and frustrate, but the amount of information that is provided about the Lost Alamos story is quite impressive.  One issue that was raised by the book was the topic of censorship at Los Alamos and the cooperation between Groves and Oppenheimer that took place in order to solve the issue.  The book also speaks of the specific involvement of Groves and Oppenheimer in the Manhattan Project and the kinds of duties that each man had.

 

Hijiya, James A. “The Gita of J. Robert Oppenheimer.” Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society Vol. 50, no. 2 (June 2000): 123 – 167.

 

Hijiya’s article takes a look at the philosophical aspects of Oppenheimer’s decision to take part in the building of the atomic bomb.  Hijiya includes a great deal of insight into the personal side of Oppenheimer without becoming too laborious with its technical terms.  While the article focuses primarily on Oppenheimer’s own personal philosophy, there is also a great deal of historical information about the man as well.  Hijiya examines Oppenheimer’s involvement in the Manhattan Project from both a philosophical and a historical perspective as well, providing a more encompassing look at the “father of the atomic bomb” than the typical textbook.

 

Kelly, Cynthia C. The Manhattan Project: The Birth of the Atomic Bomb in the Words of Its Creators, Eyewitnesses, and Historians. New York: Black Dog & Leventhal Publishes, Inc., 2007.

 

Kelly’s book is somewhat of a definitive source for the Manhattan Project.  In her manuscript, she examines the building of the bomb from start to finish, bringing in other historical writings, letters, documents, memoirs, and newspaper articles to provide her readers with a wealth of information on the scientific and the personal aspects of the United States’s mission to build the bomb.  Kelly’s research covers a number of books and other articles that provide detailed information on the relationship between Oppenheimer and Groves and how the two men worked together in building the atomic bomb.  Her work also provides a number of further resources that are essential when exploring the history of the Manhattan Project.

 

Lawren, William. The General and the Bomb. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1988.

 

Lawren’s of General Groves provides a unique and personal look at the life of the military leader of the Manhattan Project.  While his writing style is at times awkward, the information he provides is irreplaceable when he examines Groves’s character, abilities, personal life, and relationship with Oppenheimer.  Lawren provides his readers with a detailed look into the interactions between Groves and Oppenheimer and how the two men worked together.  It is thanks to Lawren’s book that there should be no mystery as to why these two men worked together so well despite their differences.

 

Mason, Richard. Oppenheimer’s Choice: Reflections from Moral Philosophy. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2006.

 

In his book, Mason uses Oppenheimer’s choice to accept the position of scientific leader of the Manhattan Project to examine the overall philosophical concept of responsibility and the need for morality.  In addition to his philosophical escapades throughout his book, Mason also provides some interesting research into the life of Oppenheimer and the decisions he made at Los Alamos during those crucial years before the end of World War II.  Mason also gives insight into the thinking that went behind Oppenheimer as well as Groves during the crucial decision-making processes of the Manhattan Project.

 

Nichols, Kenneth D. The Road to Trinity. New York: William Morrow, 1987.

 

Nichols provides a part-autobiography and part-memoirs that recall his involvement in the Manhattan Project.  Nichols was closely involved with General Groves and Robert Oppenheimer during the production of the bomb at Oak Ridge.  Nichols provides some personal insight into the characters of Groves and Oppenheimer and what kind of men they were.  One quote in particular recalls Nichols’s very descriptive account of the kind of man Groves was.

 

Norris, Robert S. Racing for the Bomb: General Leslie R. Groves, The Manhattan Project’s Indispensable Man. Vermont: Steerforth Press, 2001.

 

Norris focuses his recount of the Manhattan Project on General Groves, from his earlier military career, up through his involvement in the atomic bomb program.  Norris provides a very detailed and personal description of Groves as a person and as a general.  He describes the General’s character, attitude, and involvement with Oppenheimer during the bomb project.  Norris also provides some interesting historiographical information to further clear up the debate surrounding Groves’s involvement in the Manhattan Project.

 

Walker, J. Samuel. “Recent Literature on Truman’s Atomic Bomb Decision: A Search for Middle Ground.” Diplomatic History Vol. 29, no. 2 (April 2005): 311 – 334.

 

In his article, Walker presents an examination of the historiographical dispute over Truman’s decision to drop the atomic bomb on Japan at the end of World War II.  While presenting and critiquing both sides of the issue, Walker provides a more balanced and levelheaded look at the historiographical argument that has entangled historians over the last forty years.  His arguments are less sensational and are intended to uncover the truth rather than prove one side and ignore evidence for the opposing view.